4-3

1. Iran
2. Cyrus the Great
3. He treated his subjects well. He allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem
4. Northern Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Syria, Canaan, Phoenician cities, Egypt, western India and Thrace
5. Darius divided the empire into 20 states called satrapies. Each was ruled by an official called a satrap who acted as judge and tax collector.
6. Zoroastrianism
7. Because the Persian cavalry had already left and the Greeks only had to fight the Persian foot soldiers who were standing in water.
8. Athens and Sparta
9. It gave Athens enough time to assemble 200 ships 10. Because it convinced the Persians to retreat to Asia Minor



4-2

I. Tyrants

II. oligarchies, democracies
         A. few people
         B. citizens
III. Sparta
         A. helots
             1. seven
             2. sports
         B. government
            1. kings, elders
                  a. 28, 60
                  b. assembly
            2. 30
                  a. voted
                  b. ephors

IV. democracy
          A. Solon, debts
          B. Peisistratus
          C. Cleisthenes
                 1. assembly
                 2. 500